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Business demography statistics

Business demography statistics provide an annual snapshot (as at February) of the structure and characteristics of New Zealand businesses. Statistics produced include counts of enterprises and geographic units by industry, geography such as region or statistical area 2 (SA2), institutional sector, business type, degree of overseas ownership, enterprise births, enterprise deaths, survival rate of enterprises and employment levels.

The series covers economically significant private-sector and public-sector enterprises that are engaged in the production of goods and services in New Zealand. These enterprises are maintained on the Statistics NZ Business Register (BR), which generally includes all employing units and those enterprises with GST turnover greater than $30,000 per year.

For further information: www.stats.govt.nz/information-releases/new-zealand...

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Statistical geography

This dataset provides data for the SA2 geography (SA22020_V1_00). Names are provided with and without tohutō/macrons. The name field without macrons is suffixed ‘ascii’. Data for earlier years is available in NZ.Stat– see Geographic units by industry and statistical area 2000-2020.

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Geographic units

The geographic unit represents a business location engaged in one, or predominantly one, kind of economic activity at a single physical site or base (e.g. a factory, a farm, a shop, an office). Geographic units are unique to enterprises and an enterprise unit can have one or many geographic units (business locations). Typically, an enterprise unit only has a single geographic unit, unless the enterprise has paid employees who permanently work at more than one location. Geographic units can be transferred between enterprises (e.g. enterprise B purchases a factory (a geographic unit on the BR) as a going concern from enterprise A).

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Employee count data

Employee counts (ECs) are sourced from the Inland Revenue employer monthly schedule (EMS) tax form.

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Industry

The Australian and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification (ANZSIC) 2006 is used to compile Business Demography statistics. The classification can be viewed and downloaded from Ariā.

ANZSIC 2006 divisions are:

A Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing

B Mining

C Manufacturing

D Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services

E Construction

F Wholesale Trade

G Retail Trade

H Accommodation and Food Services

I Transport, Postal and Warehousing

J Information Media and Telecommunications

K Financial and Insurance Services

L Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services

M Professional, Scientific and Technical Services

N Administrative and Support Services

O Public Administration and Safety

P Education and Training

Q Health Care and Social Assistance

R Arts and Recreation Services

S Other Services

Total Industry

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Rounding

Enterprise, geographic unit, and EC counts are randomly rounded. Due to rounding, individual figures may not sum to the published totals.

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Quality limitations of fine-level data, including SA2-level data

We recommend caution when using fine-level regional and industry business demography data. The Business Register (BR) supports quality national-level and aggregate industry-level statistics but is not designed to provide quality fine-level regional or industry statistics. The BR update sources can have timing lags and less robust information for small and medium-sized enterprises. These quality weaknesses can be highlighted in fine-level business demography statistics.

For more information about data quality and available data go to DataInfo+.

These meshblocks are used as a basis to build the electoral population for each proposed electorate. The electoral populations are calculated from the 2018 Census data using the formula specified in the Electoral Act 1993 and are confidentialised using Stats NZ confidentiality rules. The rules applied to the electoral populations are suppression of all unrounded counts below six (displayed as: ‘-999’) and random rounding to base three. Since the electoral populations of each meshblock are randomly rounded, the count for each meshblock could be different to the raw total by up to two when compared with the total electoral population for meshblocks from another source. Land Information New Zealand (LINZ) and Stats NZ are the data custodians.

Data is provided with tohutō/macrons (UTF-8 format). To support users with the compatibility of the data and the applications they might be using, additional fields are also provided in ASCII format.

Meshblocks, which aggregate to form electorates, are updated annually by Stats NZ. Since the 2013/14 boundary review, a number of meshblock boundaries that coincide with electorate boundaries have been adjusted to a better position i.e. to follow the correct line of a river or road. These minor adjustments do not affect any populations. The adjustments are visible in a small number of land and coastal areas where the current and proposed boundaries do not exactly align. The Representation Commission will be asked to approve these minor adjustments when they fix the boundaries in 2020.

These meshblocks are used as a basis to build the electoral population for each electorate. We calculated the electoral populations from the 2018 Census data using the formula specified in the Electoral Act 1993 and then apply two confidentiality rules: suppression of all unrounded counts below six (displayed as: ‘-999’) and random rounding to base three. Since the electoral populations of each meshblock are randomly rounded, the count for each meshblock could be different to the raw total by up to two when compared with the total electoral population for meshblocks from another source.

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Data is provided with tohutō/macrons (UTF-8 format). To support users with the compatibility of the data and the applications they might be using, additional fields are also provided in ASCII format.

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Meshblocks, which aggregate to form electorates, are updated annually by Stats NZ. The 2020 electorate boundaries reflect a number of minor technical adjustments to meshblock boundaries, not involving population i.e. to follow the correct line of a river or road. The adjustments are visible in a small number of land and coastal areas where electorate boundaries otherwise unchanged between 2014 and 2020 do not exactly align.

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Note: This dataset contains the meshblock MB2020_V2_00 (version 2), a major released version of the annually released meshblock boundaries as at 17 April 2020. This version contains 53,582 meshblocks, or an additional two when compared with MB2020_V1_00 (excluding the 16 non-digitised meshblocks). This version reflects changes made to meshblocks for the 2019/2020 Representation Commission.

The urban accessibility (UA) classification measures the degree of urban influence New Zealand’s urban areas have on surrounding rural areas. It classifies the geographic accessibility of rural statistical area 1s (SA1s) and small urban areas according to their proximity, or degree of remoteness, to larger urban areas. This classification provides increased understanding of the heterogeneity of rural areas and small urban areas and will allow more extensive analysis and reporting. Understanding the degree of urban accessibility or remoteness is important as it has a major influence on the employment sector, accessibility to services, and population composition and change.

The methodology uses drive time from an SA1 address weighted centroid to the outside boundary of the nearest major, large, and medium urban area (from Stats NZ urban rural (UR) classification) to classify rural SA1s and small urban areas to one of five categories of accessibility or remoteness. The Open Source Routing Machine service using the OpenStreetMap road network is used to calculate the drive times.

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A concordance between SA1 and Urban Accessibility can be found on Aria.

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Urban accessibility indicator is also available as an attribute on Statistical Area 1 Higher Geographies 2021 (generalised).

Rural SA1s and small urban areas are classified to the following categories:

·High urban accessibility:
0 to15 minutes from major urban areas

·Medium urban accessibility:
15 to 25 minutes from major urban areas
0 to 25 minutes from large urban areas
0 to 15 minutes from medium urban areas

·Low urban accessibility:
25 to 60 minutes from major or large urban areas
15 to 60 minutes from medium urban areas

·Remote:
60 to 120 minutes from major, large or medium urban areas

·Very remote:
more than 120 minutes from major, large or medium urban areas

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For more information refer to: Urban accessibility - methodology and classification.

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The full classification is shown below:

111 Major urban area

112 Large urban area

113 Medium urban area

221 High urban accessibility

222 Medium urban accessibility

223 Low urban accessibility

224 Remote

225 Very remote

331 Inland water

332 Inlet

333 Oceanic

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Areas of 221 High urban accessibility and 222 Medium urban accessibility may be regarded as peri-urban in nature and combined with urban areas for analytical purposes.

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This generalised version has been simplified for rapid drawing and is designed for thematic or web mapping purposes.

Digital boundary data became freely available on 1 July 2007.

The urban accessibility (UA) classification measures the degree of urban influence New Zealand’s urban areas have on surrounding rural areas. It classifies the geographic accessibility of rural statistical area 1s (SA1s) and small urban areas according to their proximity, or degree of remoteness, to larger urban areas. This classification provides increased understanding of the heterogeneity of rural areas and small urban areas and will allow more extensive analysis and reporting. Understanding the degree of urban accessibility or remoteness is important as it has a major influence on the employment sector, accessibility to services, and population composition and change.
The methodology uses drive time from an SA1 address weighted centroid to the outside boundary of the nearest major, large, and medium urban area (from Stats NZ urban rural (UR) classification) to classify rural SA1s and small urban areas to one of five categories of accessibility or remoteness. The Open Source Routing Machine service using the OpenStreetMap road network is used to calculate the drive times.

A concordance between SA1 and Urban Accessibility can be found on Aria.

Rural SA1s and small urban areas are classified to the following categories:

·High urban accessibility:
0 to15 minutes from major urban areas

·Medium urban accessibility:
15 to 25 minutes from major urban areas
0 to 25 minutes from large urban areas
0 to 15 minutes from medium urban areas

·Low urban accessibility:
25 to 60 minutes from major or large urban areas
15 to 60 minutes from medium urban areas

·Remote:
60 to 120 minutes from major, large or medium urban areas

·Very remote:
more than 120 minutes from major, large or medium urban areas

For more information refer to: Urban accessibility - methodology and classification.

The full classification is shown below:
111 Major urban area

112 Large urban area

113 Medium urban area

221 High urban accessibility

222 Medium urban accessibility

223 Low urban accessibility

224 Remote

225 Very remote

331 Inland water

332 Inlet

333 Oceanic

Note: Areas of 221 High urban accessibility and 222 Medium urban accessibility may be regarded as peri-urban in nature and combined with urban areas for analytical purposes.