Functional Urban Area 2022 (generalised)

The functional urban area (FUA) classification identifies small urban areas and rural areas that are integrated with major, large, and medium urban areas to create FUAs.Workplace address and usual residence address data from the 2018 Census of Population and Dwellings were used to identify satellite urban areas (1,000–4,999 residents), and rural statistical area 1s (SA1s) from which at least 40 percent of workers commuted to urban areas with more than 5,000 residents.An FUA includes Urban Rural (UR) 2018 urban areas, rural settlements and rural SA1s where there is: an urban core, one or more secondary urban cores, one or more satellite urban areas, and rural hinterland (rural settlements or rural SA1s).The FUA classification identifies FUAs by name. A multiple core FUA is named after the largest urban area it contains, for example, Christchurch FUA, which includes the Christchurch urban core and Rangiora, Kaiapoi, and Rolleston secondary urban cores.There is one exception to the naming rule. The Paraparaumu-Waikanae-Paekakariki conurbation and surrounding hinterland is named Kapiti Coast, as it was known in the Urban area (UA) 1992 geography.To differentiate from the UR2018 classification, when referring to FUAs by name, their FUA type should also be mentioned, for example, Christchurch metropolitan area, Whangarei regional centre.There are 53 FUAs in the Functional Urban Area 2022 classification, excluding land area outside functional urban area and Water area outside functional urban area. Functional urban area type (TFUA)categorises FUAs by population size:- metropolitan area – more than 100,000 residents living in the urban core - large regional centre – urban core population 30,000–99,999- medium regional centre – urban core population 10,000–29,999- small regional centre – urban core population 5,000–9,999.The FUA indicator (IFUA)classifies UR2018 urban areas and rural SA1s according to their character within their FUA:- urban core- secondary urban core- satellite urban area- hinterland- land area outside functional urban area- water area outside functional urban areaNames are provided with and without tohutō/macrons. The column name for those without macrons is suffixed ‘ascii’.Digital boundary data became freely available on 1 July 2007.